Autodromo Nazionale Monza
The Autodromo Nazionale Monza opened in 1922 in the royal park north of the city of Monza, near Milan, built in just over three months and joining Brooklands and Indianapolis as one of the world’s first purpose-built motor circuits. The modern Grand Prix course measures 3.600 mi (5.793 km) over eleven turns, runs clockwise, and produces the highest average lap speed of any circuit on the Formula 1 calendar: the reason it is universally known as the “Temple of Speed.” Sitting on the flat Lombardy plain, its character comes not from elevation but from long flat-out straights punctuated by three chicanes.
The Parabolica
The lap’s defining corner is the Parabolica at Turn 11, a long, constant-radius right-hander that opens onto the start/finish straight, where a smooth, early throttle determines speed all the way down the pit straight. In September 2021 the Automobile Club d’Italia officially renamed it Curva Alboreto in honour of Milanese driver Michele Alboreto, twenty years after his death; both names remain in common use.
A lap of Monza
The lap opens by braking from near top speed into the Variante del Rettifilo (Turns 1–2), a tight right-left chicane that is the prime overtaking and lock-up zone. The flat-out Curva Grande (Turn 3) sweeps right toward the Variante della Roggia (Turns 4–5), a left-right chicane that offers the best passing chance of the lap. The two right-handed Lesmo curves (Turns 6 and 7) lead onto the back straight and the flowing left-right-left Variante Ascari (Turns 8–10), the rhythm test of the circuit, before the long straight to the Parabolica completes the lap. McLaren’s Lando Norris set the outright Formula 1 race lap record here in 2025 at 1:20.901, beating a mark that had stood since 2004.

